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Inventors Industrial Revolution - Timeline of Textile Machinery
By Mary Bellis

Several inventions in textile machinery occurred in a relatively short time period during the industrial revolution.

  • 1733 Flying shuttle invented by John Kay - an improvement to looms that enabled weavers to weave faster.
  • 1742 Cotton mills were first opened in England.
  • 1764 Spinning jenny invented by James Hargreaves - the first machine to improve upon the spinning wheel.
  • 1764 Water frame invented by Richard Arkwright - the first powered textile machine.
  • 1769 Arkwright patented the water frame.
  • 1770 Hargreaves patented the Spinning Jenny.
  • 1773 The first all-cotton textiles were produced in factories.
  • 1779 Crompton invented the spinning mule that allowed for greater control over the weaving process.

  • 1785 Cartwright patented the power loom. It was improved upon by William Horrocks, known for his invention of the variable speed batton in 1813.
  • 1787 Cotton goods production had increased 10 fold since 1770.
  • 1789 Samuel Slater brought textile machinery design to the US.
  • 1790 Arkwright built the first steam powered textile factory in Nottingham, England.
  • 1792 Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin - a machine that automated the separation of cottonseed from the short-staple cotton fiber.
  • 1804 Joseph Marie Jacquard invented the Jacquard Loom that weaved complex designs. Jacquard invented a way of automatically controlling the warp and weft threads on a silk loom by recording patterns of holes in a string of cards*.
  • 1813 William Horrocks invented the variable speed batton (for an improved power loom).
  • 1856 William Perkin invented the first synthetic dye.
Related Industrial Revolution and Textile Machinery Resources
Industrial Revolution - Main page
Timeline of the 1700s
Making Textiles

Early Industrialization
The Industrial Revolution (1700 - Present) Look Under Textile Machinery

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*The Jacquard cards were later modified and evolved into computer punch cards.

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